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I.A. Richards: Figurative Language The Figurative Language: I.A. Richards

Introduction

Ivor Armstrong Richards is on of the greatest critics of the modern age. He was born in 1983. He took education at Cambridge. In fact, T.S. Eliot and I.A. Richards are considered to be the pioneers in the field of New Criticism. They differ a lot in the views. Critics like John crowe Ronsom, Kenneth Bruke, cleanth Brooks, R.P.Blackmur, Robert Penn Warren William Empson were indebted to I.A. Richards.

 I.A. Richards is a pioneer figure as far as New Criticism is considered. 
His work are.

1 The Meaning of Meaning- 1923
2 The Practical of Criticism – 1929
3 The Principles of Literary criticism-1924


Four misunderstanding of language :


(i) Misunderstanding of the sense of poetry: Careless, intuitive reading (rhyme or irregular syntax).

(ii) Over-liter reading – prosaic reading.

(iii) Defective scholarship.

(ix) Difference in meaning of words in poetry and prose.

He gave new path to literary criticism. In his methodology, a lot of importance is given to the words. He believed that poet writes to communicate and language is the means of that communication. Language is made of words and words carry four kinds of meaning:

•.Sense : The items referred by a writer.

• Feelings : Feeling refers to emotions. Emotional attitude, will, attitude, desire, pleasure, displeasure.

• Tone: Tone is writers attitude to his readers or audience.

• Intention : It is writers aim which may be conscious or unconscious. It refresh to the effect that he tries to produced.

He give a two use of Language

1. Scientific use
2. Emotive use



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